Adaptive reuse process of the Historic Urban Landscape post-Covid-19. The potential of the inner areas for a “new normal”

Maria Rita Pinto; Serena Viola; Katia Fabbricatti; Maria Giovanna Pacifico

doi:10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2020.14521

Authors

Maria Rita Pinto University of Naples Federico II
Serena Viola University of Naples Federico II
Katia Fabbricatti University of Naples Federico II https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0404-8074
Maria Giovanna Pacifico University of Naples Federico II

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2020.14521

Keywords:

adaptive reuse, inner areas, health security, design requirements, pandemic, inclusive prosperity

Abstract

Often in the past, the great disasters (environmental calamities, earthquakes, epidemics) activated unexpressed energies, triggering transformations of the built environment, able to give rise unexpected conditions of economic, cultural and social development. The fragility of settlement systems in the face of unexpected threats brings out the need for a new planning, changing our gaze on the city.

The new framework of needs drawn by the pandemic and the renewed sensitivity towards the combination of health – sustainability, rekindle the spotlight on inner areas. These emerged as "reservoirs of resilience", areas to look at, in order to reach an eco-systemic balance.

The aim of the paper is to return an experience of adaptive reuse of the Historical Urban Landscape in an inner area of Southern Italy, where the needs of health and safety of the community are integrated with the transmission of the built heritage to future generations. The goal is the promotion of inclusive prosperity scenarios, towards the so-called "new normality".

Starting from an in-depth literature review on the cases of pandemics in history and the strategies implemented, the research identifies health security requirements at the scale of the Historical Urban Landscape and design solutions aimed at reactivating lost synergies between communities and places.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Maria Rita Pinto, University of Naples Federico II

Department of Architecture

Serena Viola, University of Naples Federico II

Department of Architecture

Katia Fabbricatti, University of Naples Federico II

Department of Architecture

Maria Giovanna Pacifico, University of Naples Federico II

Department of Architecture

References

AA.VV. (2020) Manifesto di Camaldoli per una nuova centralità della montagna. Tra il Dire e il Fare, Notiziario dell’Archivio Osvaldo Piacentini, n. 15, Archivio Osvaldo Piacentini, Reggio Emilia.

Agency for Territorial Cohesion (2014) Strategia Nazionale per le Aree Interne: definizione, obbiettivi, strumenti e governance, Roma [WWW document]. URL http://www.programmazioneeconomica.gov.it/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Accordo-P-Strategia_nazionale_per_le_Aree_interne_definizione_obiettivi_strumenti_e_governance_2014.pdf (accessed 19 October 2020).

Barca, F. (2018) In conclusione: immagini, sentimenti e strumenti eterodossi per una svolta radicale. In: A. De Rossi (a cura di), Riabitare l’Italia. Le aree interne tra abbandoni e riconquiste, Donzelli, Roma.

Battaglini, L., Corrado, F. (2014) Il ritorno alla terra nei territorio rurali-montani: diversi aspetti di un fenomeno in atto. Scienze del Territorio, 2, 79-86. https://doi.org/10.13128/Scienze_Territorio-14324

Beck, U. (2016) The metamorphosis of the world, Polity Press, Cambridge-Malen.

Belfiglio, V.J. (2017) Control of epidemics in the Roman army: 27 B.C.–A.D. 476. Int. J. Community Med. Public Health, 4, 1387. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20171745

Bollyky, TJ. (2019) The future of global health is urban health. Global Health Program. Council on Foreign Relations. [WWW document]. URL https://www.cfr.org/article/future-global-health-urban-health (accessed 10 October 2020).

Carrosio, G. (2019), I margini al centro. L'Italia delle aree interne tra fragilità e innovazione, Donzelli, Roma.

Caterina, G. (2016) Innovative strategies for the recovering of historical cities. TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, 12, 33-35. https://doi.org/10.13128/Techne-19330

Cohen, M.J. (2020) Does the COVID-19 outbreak mark the onset of a sustainable consumption transition? Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 16.1, 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2020.1740472

Connolly, C., Keil, R., Ali, S.H. (2020) Extended urbanisation and the spatialities of infectious disease: Demographic change, infrastructure and governance. [WWW document]. URL https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0042098020910873 (accessed 10 October 2020). https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098020910873

Council of Europe (2005). Framework convention on the value of cultural heritage for society (Faro Convention), Faro [WWW document]. URL https://rm.coe.int/1680083746 (accessed 19 October 2020).

Dematteis, G. (2018). Montagna e città: verso nuovi equilibri? In: A. De Rossi (a cura di), Riabitare l’Italia. Le aree interne tra abbandoni e riconquiste, Donzelli, Roma, pp. 285-295.

Di Battista, V. (1989). Le parole e le cose. Recupero, manutenzione, restauro. Recuperare, 93.

Dietz, L., Horve, P.F., Coil, D.A., Fretz, M., Eisen, J.A., Van DenWymelenberg, K. (2020) 2019 Novel Coronavirus. (COVID-19) Pandemic: Built Environment Considerations To Reduce Transmission. MSystems, 5. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00245-20

European Communities (1999) ESDP European Spatial Development Perspective Towards Balanced and Sustainable Development of the Territory of the European, Union European Communities. [WWW document]. URL https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docoffic/official/reports/pdf/sum_en.pdf (accessed 19 October 2020).

Eykelbosh, A. (2020) COVID-19 Precautions for Multiâ€”Unit Residential Buildings. [WWW document]. URL https://ncceh.ca/sites/default/files/COVID-19%20Precautions%20for%20Multiunit%20Residential%20Buildings%20-%20March%2031%202020.pdf (accessed 10 September 2020).

Frank, L.D., Iroz-Elardo, N., MacLeod, K.E., Hong, A. (2019) Pathways from built environment to health: A conceptual framework linking behavior and exposure-based impacts. J. Transp. Health, 12, 319–335 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2018.11.008

Herlihy, D, Cohn, SK Jr (1997) The Black Death and the transformation of the West. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvjghwgp

Leal Filho,W., Brandli, L.L., Lange Salvia, A., Rayman-Bacchus, L., Platje, J. (2020) COVID-19 and the UN Sustainable Development Goals: Threat to Solidarity or an Opportunity Sustainability, 12.13, 5343. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135343

Marchetti, M. (2016) La questione delle Aree Interne, sfida e opportunità per il Paese e per il settore forestale. Forest@, 13, 35-40. https://doi.org/10.3832/efor0082-013

Martini, M., Gazzaniga, V., Behzadifar, M., Bragazzi, N.L., Barberis, I. (2018) The history of tuberculosis: The social role of sanatoria for the treatment of tuberculosis in Italy between the end of the 19 th century and the middle of the 20 th. J. Prev. Med. Hyg. 59, E323–E327. https://doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2018.59.4.1103

Neiderud, C.J. ( 2015) How urbanization affects the epidemiology of emerging infectious diseases. Infect. Ecol. Epidemiol., 5, 27060. https://doi.org/10.3402/iee.v5.27060

OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (2020) The territorial impact of COVID-19: Managing the crisis across levels of

government. [WWW document]. URL https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/view/?ref=128_128287-5agkkojaaa&title=The-territorial-impactof-covid-19-managing-the-crisis-across-levels-of-government (accessed 10 October 2020).

Oppido, S., Ragozino, S., Fabbricatti, K., Esposito De Vita G. (2020) Oltre la retorica del borgo: un approccio sistémico per il bilanciamento territoriale, In: Atti della XXIII Conferenza SIU Downscaling, rightsizing. Contrazione demografica e riorganizzazione spaziale, forthcoming.

Oxley, D. (2003) ‘The seat of death and terror’: Urbanization, stunting, and smallpox. Econ. Hist. Rev., 56, 623–656. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.2003.00264.x

Pike, A., Dawleya, S., Tomane J. (2010) Resilience, adaptation and adaptability. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 3.1, 59-70. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsq001

Pinheiro, M.D., Luís, N.C. (2020) COVID-19 Could Leverage a Sustainable Built Environment. Sustainability, 12, 5863. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145863

Pinto M.R., De Medici S., Senia C., Fabbricatti K., De Toro P. (2017) Building reuse: multi-criteria assessment for compatible design, International Journal of Design Sciences and Technology, 22.2.

Reyes, R., Ahn, R., Thurber, K., Burke, T.F. (2013) Urbanization and Infectious Diseases: General Principles, Historical Perspectives, and Contemporary Challenges. In: Fong I. (eds) Challenges in Infectious Diseases. Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4496-1_4

Rossi Doria, M. (1982) Scritti sul mezzogiorno, Einaudi.

Szczygiel, B., Hewitt, R.(2000) Nineteenth-Century Medical Landscapes: John H. Rauch, Frederick Law Olmsted, and the Search for Salubrity. Bull. Hist. Med., 74, 708–734. https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2000.0197

UNESCO (2011) Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape, UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Resolution 36C/23, Annex. Paris, France, 2011.

Vereycken, K. (2010) Leonardo da Vinci Imagines The First Modern City. Exec. Intell. Rev., 37,53–55. [WWW document]. URL http://artkarel.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/romarantin-EN.pdf (accessed 10 September 2020).

Zonneveld, W., Stead, D. (2007) European territorial cooperation and the concept of urban-rural relationships. Planning Practice & Research, 22, 439-453. https://doi.org/10.1080/02697450701666787