3D virtual reconstruction of the choir of the Convent of Santa Clara in Toro (Zamora): recovering a medieval space of female devotion through photogrammetric recording and rendering techniques
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2016.5983Keywords:
Gothic painting, Toro (Zamora), museography, cultural heritage, documentation, virtual 3D reconstructionAbstract
The Convent of Santa Clara in Toro (Zamora) was founded in the mid-13th century. After destruction during the Castilian civil struggles of the last years of this century, its fabric was rebuilt and it was inhabited again by the Clarissan nuns, who still occupy it. Its architecture corresponds for the most part to its early-14th century rebuilding, even though it is concealed by works carried out from the 16th to the 18th centuries, so that it is apparently a Baroque complex. In the 1950s, in the choir of this Medieval hidden structure, a set of wall paintings of the mid-14thcentury was brought to light (one of the most important set of wall paintings of the early Gothic period ever found in Castile), but they were immediately detached from the walls and sold. It was only after a combination of circumstances that they came back to Toro to be installed in another building, the church of San Sebastián de los Caballeros, transformed into a museum. As a consequence of all these operations, the arrangement and sense of these wall paintings was lost. The virtual three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, based on a deep analysis and criticism of historical sources and on a close inspection and photogrammetric recording of the original room once occupied by the wall paintings, enables us to place them back in their original context through the use of rendering techniques, so recovering one of the most exciting spaces of female devotion of the Castilian 14thcentury.
Downloads
References
Barral i Altet, X.(2015). “Teresa Dieç me fecit”. Una pittrice (laica?) per un monastero di clarisse a Toro nella Castiglia del primo Trecento. In A. C. Quintavalle (Ed.), Medioevo: natura e figura. La raffigurazione dell’uomo e della natura nell’arte medievale (pp. 665–674). Milan, Italy: Skira.
Camón Aznar, J.(1968). Los murales góticos de Santa Clara de Toro. Goya, 82,214–219.
Capurro, C., Nollet, D., & Pletinckx, D. (2014). Reconstruction of the interior of the Saint Salvator abbey of Ename around 1290. Virtual Arcaheology Review, 5(11), 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2014.4174
Cathedral of Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, Valladolid. (1988-89). Las Edades del Hombre. El arte en la iglesia de Castilla y León [Exhibition catalogue]. Salamanca, Spain.
Cook, W. W. S.,& Gudiol Ricart, J.(1980). Pintura e imaginería románicas (2nd ed.).Madrid, Spain: Editorial Plus-Ultra.
Díaz Gómez, F., Jiménez Peiró, J., Barreda Benavent, A., Asensi Recuenco, B., & Hervás Juan, J. (2015). 3D modeling for the generation of virtual heritage. Virtual Archaeology Review, 6(12), 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2015.4150
Fernández Somoza, G.(2001). Las pinturas murales del coro del convento de Santa Clara de Toro (Zamora). Un marco para la nueva devoción franciscana. Zamora, Spain: Instituto de Estudios Zamoranos “Florián de Ocampo”.
Gaya Nuño, J.A.(1968, January 21). Pintura gótica castellana. Un descubrimiento capital. Diario de Barcelona.
Grau Lobo, L. A.(2001). Pinturas murales de la Edad Media en la provincia de Zamora. Zamora, Spain: Instituto de Estudios Zamoranos “Florián de Ocampo”.
Gutiérrez, F., Morillo, F. M., San José, J. I., & Fernández, J. J. (2016). Un regreso virtual: recreación de la apariencia original del coro del convento de Santa Clara de Toro (Zamora) con sus pinturas murales medievales, en la actualidad arrancadas y desplazadas. In Lerma, J. L., & Cabrelles, M. (Eds.), Proceedings of the ARQUEOLÓGICA 2.0 -8th International Congress on Archaeology, Computer Graphics, Cultural Heritage and Innovation (pp. 305–307). Valencia, Spain: Universitat Politècnica de València. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/arqueologica8.2016.4479
Gutiérrez Baños, F.(2005). Aportación al estudio de la pintura de estilo gótico lineal en Castilla y León: precisiones cronológicas y corpus de pintura mural y sobre tabla (Vols. 1-2). Madrid, Spain: Fundación Universitaria Española.
Lerma, J. L., Cabrelles, M., Navarro, S., & Seguí, A. E. (2011). La documentación patrimonial mediante sensores de imagen o de barrido láser. In Domingo Fominaya, M. & Sánchez Luengo, A. J.(Eds.), Documentación gráfica del Patrimonio (pp. 108–117). Madrid, España: Ministerio de Cultura. Retrieved from http://es.calameo.com/read/0000753358b142b1c934c
Lerma, J. L., Navarro, S., Cabrelles, M., Seguí, A. E., Haddad, N., & Akasheh, T. (2011). Integration of laser scanning and imagery for photorealistic 3Darchitectural documentation. In Chau-Chang Wang (Ed.),Laser scanning, theory and applications( pp. 414–430). Rijeka, Croatia: InTech. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/630
Navarro Talegón, J. (1977, August, 2). Retornan a Toro los valiosísimos murales góticos de Santa Clara. El Correo de Zamora, pp. 5–6.
Navarro Talegón, J. (1980). Catálogo monumental de Toro y su alfoz. Zamora, Spain: Caja de Ahorros Provincial de Zamora.
Navarro Talegón, J.(1994). La fundación del Real Monasterio de Santa Clara de Toro. Archivo Ibero-Americano, 213–214,301–316.
Pons Sorolla, F.(1968).Murales góticos castellanos. La integración de las artes. Arquitectura, 109,45–48.
Remondino, F. (2011). Heritage recording and 3D modeling with photogrammetry and 3D scanning. Remote Sensing, 3,1104–1138. http://doi.org/10.3390/rs3061104
San José Alonso, J. I., Martínez Rubio, J., Fernández Martín, J. J., & García Fernández, J. (2011). Comparing time-of-flight and phase-shift. The survey of the royal pantheon in the basilica of San Isidoro (León).The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 38(5/W16), 377–385. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-XXXVIII-5-W16-377-2011
Santacana Maestre, J., & López Benito, V. (Eds.). (2014). Educación, tecnología digital y patrimonio cultural. Para una educación inclusiva. Gijón, Spain: Ediciones TREA.
Sedano Martín, T. (2013). La idea y el sentimiento de la muerte en la Edad Media en Toro (Zamora). Zamora, Spain: Instituto de Estudios Zamoranos “Florián de Ocampo”.
Vasallo Toranzo, L.(1994). Arquitectura en Toro (1500-1650). Zamora, Spain: Instituto de Estudios Zamoranos “Florián de Ocampo”.
Velasco Rodríguez, V.(1960). Guía turística de la provincia de Zamora. Zamora, Spain: Cámara Oficial de Comercio e Industria de Zamora.
Velasco Rodríguez, V.(1962). Guía turística de la provincia de Zamora (2nd ed.). Zamora, Spain.
Vicente Pradas, J. M.(2016). Arquitectura gótica en Zamora y su provincia (Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain). Retrieved from http://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/16846
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
