A qualitative meta-analysis of intercultural research into audio-visual synchronous communication between language learners
Submitted: 2022-04-06
|Accepted: 2023-06-09
|Published: 2023-07-26
Copyright (c) 2023 Revista de Lingüística y Lenguas Aplicadas
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Downloads
Keywords:
Intercultural Communicative Competences, Computer-mediated Communication, Synchronous, Spoken, Qualitative meta-analysis
Supporting agencies:
Abstract:
In this article we conduct a meta-analysis (Timulak, 2009) of qualitative studies into computer-mediated, synchronic, oral interactions between language learners from different countries focusing primarily on Intercultural Communicative Competences (ICCs) (Byram, 1997). To find studies that met our criteria, keyword searches were conducted in Google Scholar and in the main CMC journals. To filter the search results, we used AntConc 4.4, and close readings of the studies found. We ascertained that only three met our criteria (O’Dowd, 2006; Akiyama, 2017; Liaw, 2019). Our analysis shows that the ICCs identified in these articles are also found intraculturally. Moreover, when the language competence of the participants is similar, we argue that the communication between NS and NNS is practically indistinguishable from NS-to-NS communication. These results seem to call into question the validity of ICCs. We conclude therefore that language teaching should focus on improving communicative and pragmatic competence in the target language.
References:
Akiyama, Y. (2017) "Vicious vs. virtuous cycles of turn negotiation in American-Japanese telecollaboration: is silence a virtue?" Language and Intercultural Communication, 17/2, 190-209. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2016.1277231
Attig, M. and Weinert, S. (2020). "What Impacts Early Language Skills? Effects of Social Disparities and Different Process Characteristics of the Home Learning Environment in the First 2 Years." Frontiers in Psychology 11: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.557751
Austin, L. Guidry, J. & Meyer, M. (2020). "#GunViolence on Instagram and Twitter: Examining Social Media Advocacy in the Wake of the Parkland School Shooting." Journal of Public Interest Communications, 4/1, 4-36. https://doi.org/10.32473/jpic.v4.i1.p4
Benton, A., Hancock, B., Coppersmith, G., Ayers, J. W., & Dredze, M. (2016). "After Sandy Hook Elementary: A year in the gun control debate on Twitter." Paper presented at the Data for Good Exchange. http://arxiv.org/abs/1610.02060
The British National Corpus, version 2 (BNC World) (2001). Distributed by Oxford University Computing Services on behalf of the BNC Consortium. URL: http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk/
Byrnes, H. (1986). "Interactional style in German and American conversations." Text 6/2, 189-206. https://doi.org/10.1515/text.1.1986.6.2.189
Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and Assessing Intercultural Communicative Competence. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
Canto, S. & Jauregi Ondarra, K. (2017). "Language learning effects through the integration of synchronous online communication: The case of video communication & Second Life." Language Learning in Higher Education, 71, 21-53. https://doi.org/10.1515/cercles-2017-0004
Carbaugh, D. (2005). Cultures in Conversation. New York. Routledge.
Christensen, John G. (1994). "Sprog og kultur i europæisk integration." In: Liep, J. & K. F. Olwig (eds.) Komplekse liv. Kulturel mangfoldighed i Danmark.. Copenhagen: Akademisk Forlag, 23-42. https://doi.org/10.7146/ta.v0i31.115472
Cisneros, J. D. & Nakayama, T. K. (2015). "New media, old racisms: Twitter, Miss America, and cultural logics of race." Journal of International and Intercultural Communication 8/2, 108-127. https://doi.org/10.1080/17513057.2015.1025328
Deardorff, D. K. (2006). "Identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization." Journal of Studies in International Education, 10/3, 241-266. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315306287002
Deardorff, D. K. (2015). "Intercultural competence: Mapping the future research agenda." International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 48: 3-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2015.03.002
del Rosal, K., Conry, J., & Wu, S. (2017). "Exploring the fluid online identities of language teachers and adolescent language learners." Computer Assisted Language Learning 30/5, 390-408. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2017.1307855
Holsti, O. (2011). American Public Opinion on the Iraq War. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.1039750
Jewell, H. M. (2013). "North and South: The antiquity of the great divide." Northern History 27: 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1179/007817291790175655
Jiang, X., Gossak-Keenan, K. & Pell, M. D. (2020). "To believe or not to believe? How voice and accent information in speech alter listener impressions of trust." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 73/1, 55-79. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021819865833
Jung, Y. J., Kim, Y. J., Lee, H., Cathey, R., Carver, J. & Skalicky, S. (2019). "Learner perception of multimodal synchronous computer-mediated communication in foreign language classrooms." Language Teaching Research 23/3, 287-309. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168817731910
Liaw, M. L. (2019). "EFL Learners' Intercultural Communication in an Open social virtual environment." Journal of Educational Technology & Society 22/2, 38-55. doi.org/10.2307/26819616
House, J. (1999). "Misunderstanding in intercultural communication: Interactions in English as lingua franca and the myth of mutual intelligibility." In: Gnutzmann, C. (ed.) Teaching and Learning English as a Global Language. Tubingen: Stauffenburg, 73-89.
Mauranen, A. (2006). "Signaling and preventing misunderstanding in English as lingua franca communication." International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 177, 123-150. https://doi.org/10.1515/IJSL.2006.008
Morollón Martí, N. & Fernández, S. S. (2016). "Telecollaboration and sociopragmatic awareness in the foreign language classroom." Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching 10/1, 34-48. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2016.1138577
O'Dowd, R. (2006). "The use of videoconferencing and e-mail as mediators of intercultural student ethnography." In: Belz, J. A. & S. L. Thorne (eds.) Internet-mediated intercultural foreign language education. Boston: Thomson Heinle, 85-120.
Silvia, P. J. & Christensen, A. P. 2020. "Looking up at the curious personality: individual differences in curiosity and openness to experience." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 35:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.05.013
Stewart, M. A, Ryan, E. B. & Giles, H. (1995). "Accent and social class effects on status and solidarity evaluations." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 11/1, 98-105. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167285111009
Timulak, L. (2009). "Meta-analysis of qualitative studies: A tool for reviewing qualitative research findings in psychotherapy." Psychotherapy Research 19/4-5, 591-600. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503300802477989
Uhlmanna, E. L. Poehlman, A., Tannenbaum, D. & Bargh, J. A. (2011). "Implicit Puritanism in American moral cognition." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 47/2, 312-320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2010.10.013
van der Zwaard, R., & Bannink, A. (2018). "Reversal of participation roles in NS-NNS synchronous telecollaboration." CALICO Journal. 35/2, 162-181. https://doi.org/10.1558/cj.30810
