An architectural masterpiece built on vaults: Mies & Reich’s Barcelona Pavilion

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Accepted: 2026-04-01

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Published: 2026-04-30

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4995/vlc.2026.25751
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Sergius Ruegenberg and the state of the works on 14 April 1929. Credits: Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig (1886- 1969), German Pavilion, Barcelona, 1929. The Pavilion under construction showing the existing row of classical columns. Mies van der Rohe Archive, gift of the architect. Moma NY MMA13.312. © 2026 Digital image, The Museum of Modern Art, New York/Scala, Florence.

Keywords:

German Pavilion, 1929 Exposition, Barcelona, Mies van der Rohe, tile vault

Supporting agencies:

This research was not funded

Abstract:

The German Pavilion at the 1929 Barcelona Exhibition, a benchmark of 20th-century rationalist
architecture designed by Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich, was built on a plinth made up of seventy tile vaults.
This decision, proposed by Joan Bergós, a former disciple of Gaudí’s and, at that time, the site manager for the
construction company in charge, was approved due to time constraints and implemented without the knowledge
of its two designers. This article analyses the details of this unique episode in the history of the building, as
viewed in the context of the tradition of this construction technique in Barcelona in the past, and its use in local
Art Nouveau, Noucentista and rationalist architecture. With the aid of previously unpublished data, drawings,
and photographs the text sheds light on the construction. The authors also recover the first, now-forgotten
attempt from 1970 to reconstruct the German Pavilion by architects Buenaventura Bassegoda Musté and Juan
Bassegoda Nonell. At the time Joan Bergós acted as chief advisor, and for the sake of historical accuracy, also
contemplated reproducing the plinth with its original tile vaults.

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