Técnicas de control inteligente para el seguimiento del punto de máxima potencia en turbinas eólicas
Enviado: 26-01-2024
|Aceptado: 27-02-2024
|Publicado: 01-03-2024
Derechos de autor 2024 Eduardo Muñoz Palomeque, Enrique Sierra García, Matilde Santos
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
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Palabras clave:
Turbina eólica, Seguimiento del punto de máxima potencia (MPPT), Control Inteligente, Redes neuronales, Control fuzzy
Agencias de apoyo:
Resumen:
El seguimiento del punto de máxima potencia (MPPT) es una etapa esencial en la operación de las turbinas eólicas para garantizar una generación de energía eficiente. En los últimos años se han diseñado y aplicado técnicas de control avanzadas para lograr este objetivo, solventando algunas de las limitaciones de los métodos clásicos. Este artículo proporciona una visión general de las estrategias existentes y describe con más detalle algunas configuraciones de control específicas, explicando su utilidad y proporcionando una base para futuros desarrollos. En concreto incluye técnicas de control basadas en inteligencia artificial para el estudio del control MPPT en aerogeneradores. Se ejemplifican dos estrategias de control inteligente: una red neuronal y un controlador de lógica borrosa. Estos enfoques se enmarcan en la regulación del par electromagnético del generador y, en consecuencia, de la velocidad angular del sistema, mejorando la generación de potencia. Los resultados evidencian los beneficios de estos controladores inteligentes para maximizar la potencia y mejorar el proceso de conversión de energía.
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