Control mediante rechazo activo de perturbaciones de la temperatura de un módulo termoeléctrico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2021.14728Palabras clave:
Módulo termoeléctrico, rechazo activo de perturbaciones, observador GPIResumen
Este artículo presenta una aproximación mediante rechazo activo de perturbaciones para controlar, de manera indirecta, la temperatura de la cara fría de un módulo termoeléctrico alimentado por un convertidor CD-CD tipo reductor. La dinámica del módulo, es vista como una perturbación de naturaleza desconocida y variante en el tiempo, del voltaje de salida del convertidor. Dicha perturbación es estimada mediante un observador de tipo proporcional integral generalizado, el cual en combinación con el controlador permite regular la temperatura en la cara fría del módulo termoeléctrico a un valor constante deseado. El observador diseñado estima de manera simultánea el voltaje de salida del convertidor reductor y la perturbación exógena en un esquema de cancelación en línea, conocido como control mediante rechazo activo de perturbaciones. Para propósitos de comparación, se diseñan un controlador de tipo proporcional integral y un regulador cuadrático lineal, sobre la base de una linealización aproximada del modelo dinámico combinado del convertidor reductor y del módulo. Los resultados experimentales que se obtuvieron mediante un prototipo experimental, permiten mostrar la efectividad de la técnica de control propuesta para este tipo de dispositivos termoeléctricos.
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