Mezclas bituminosas porosas en el contexto de los SUDS: revisión y perspectivas
Enviado: 03-04-2025
|Aceptado: 20-06-2025
|Publicado: 30-07-2025
Derechos de autor 2025 Ingeniería del Agua
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
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Palabras clave:
sistemas urbanos de drenaje sostenible (SUDS), pavimentos permeables, mezclas bituminosas porosas, modelos hidrológicos hidráulicos
Agencias de apoyo:
SORIGUÉ S.A.
Grupo MATCAR (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya)
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España (proyecto BITSDRAIN (Ref. CPP2022- 009630))
Resumen:
A mediados del siglo XX las mezclas bituminosas porosas se empiezan a emplear en Estados Unidos por sus múltiples ventajas asociadas a su gran capacidad de drenaje de agua. En la década de los 70 llegan a Europa y unos diez años más tarde a España, con la finalidad de mejorar la funcionalidad y seguridad de las carreteras, sobre todo durante episodios de lluvia. A partir del siglo XXI, este tipo de mezclas es, además, una de las opciones que se recomiendan en el diseño de sistemas urbanos de drenaje sostenible (SUDS). Sin embargo, a pesar de los múltiples estudios realizados, no existe una metodología clara que permita cuantificar los efectos de su uso para mitigar inundaciones en zonas urbanas. El presente trabajo pretende compilar el estado del conocimiento para el empleo de mezclas bituminosas porosas y su uso como SUDS. En primer lugar, se describen las mezclas bituminosas porosas, los criterios de diseño y las principales recomendaciones para su implementación en España; en segundo lugar, se resumen los estudios existentes en la literatura para cuantificar su capacidad de infiltración; y, finalmente, se presentan las conclusiones enfocadas en los requerimientos para su implementación de cara al futuro.
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