Optimización de la aireación en reactores biológicos en ausencia de mediciones en continuo

Se propone una metodología para optimizar la aireación a escala diaria en reactores biológicos donde no se disponga de sondas con mediciones en continuo y a priori no se pueda hacer una gestión dinámica basada en la caracterización de los parámetros físico-químicos del agua, como amonio, nitrato u oxígeno disuelto en tiempo real. A partir del histórico de datos de 808 días de caracterización diaria de las aguas residuales influentes a uno de los reactores biológicos de la EDAR de Mapocho-Trebal en Santiago de Chile, que trata diariamente una media de 95.732 m³/d, se proponen diversos modelos estadísticos con memoria de hasta 3 días previos basados en arboles de decisión donde se obtiene la predicción de aire óptima a inyectar para el día en curso. A partir de dicha predicción se podrían a continuación estudiar el efecto de diversos ciclos diarios de aireación-no aireación asociando a dichos ciclos las duraciones aireación-no aireación basadas en la bibliografía y que fueran comprobadas en diversas campañas experimentales. En este trabajo, se parte de un histórico real de datos donde se considera el valor de aire inyectado optimizado dado que procede de una gestión dinámica en la que intervienen sondas de medición en continuo de nitrato, amonio y oxígeno disuelto situadas en la EDAR de Mapocho-Trebal.

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