Perspectives of abandonment/continuity of typological groups of sheep farms in the semi-arid region of Central Chile

Authors

  • Paula Toro-Mujica Universidad de O’Higgins
  • Cristian Arraño Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
  • Raúl Vera Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
  • Lisbeth Robles ,Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
  • Constanza del Río Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
  • Estefanía Corvalán Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
  • José Luis Riveros Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7201/earn.2019.02.06

Keywords:

Smallholders, sheep farming, continuity strategies, semi-arid

Abstract

An exploratory study was conducted to analyze combinations of variables that define typological groups that condition the abandonment/continuity of sheep farming in the semi-arid region of Chile. Three typological groups were identified. Group I is made up of middle-aged farmers with the largest flocks. Group II has typical farms from an arid zone, own by elderly male farmers. Group III is located in areas near urban centers and has a greater presence of women farmers. The study allowed to identify the variables that influence the continuity of sheep farmers and to determine strategies that avoid/delay the abandonment of the activity.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Paula Toro-Mujica, Universidad de O’Higgins

Instituto de Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias.

Cristian Arraño, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Dept. de Ciencias Animales.

Raúl Vera, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Dept. de Ciencias Animales.

Lisbeth Robles, ,Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

Dept. de Nutrición Animal

Constanza del Río, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Dept. de Ciencias Animales.

Estefanía Corvalán, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Dept. de Ciencias Animales.

José Luis Riveros, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Dept. de Ciencias Animales.

References

Aldosari, F. (2018). "Gender participation in sheep and goat farming in Najran, Southern Saudi Arabia". Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 25(1), 144-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.03.013

Austrheim, G., Speed, J., Evju, M., Hester, A., Holand, O., Egil, L., Martinsen, V., Mobæk, R., Mulder, J., Steen, H., Thompson,D. & Mysterud, A. (2016). "Synergies and trade-offs between ecosystem services in an alpine ecosystem grazed by sheep - An experimental approach". Basic and Applied Ecology, 17(7), 596-608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2016.06.003

Baumont, R., Carrère, P., Jouven, M., Lombardi, G., López-Francos, A., Peeters, A., Porqueddu, C. & Martin, B. (2014). "Forage resources and ecosystem services provided by Mountain and Mediterranean grasslands and rangelands". Options méditerranéennes, Series A: Mediterranean Seminars 2015, 109. Retrieved from: http://om.ciheam.org/om/pdf/a109/a109.pdf.

BCN. (2010). Ley núm. 20.412. Establece un sistema de incentivos para la sustentabilidad agroambiental de los suelos agropecuarios. Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional.

Beilin, R., Lindborg, R., Stenseke, M., Pereira, H. M., Llausàs, A., Slätmo, E., Cerqueira, Y., Navarro, L., Rodrigues, P., Reichelt, N., Munro, N. & Queiroz, C. (2014). "Analysing how drivers of agricultural land abandonment affect biodiversity and cultural landscapes using case studies from Scandinavia, Iberia and Oceania". Land Use Policy, 36, 60-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.07.003

Benson, M. & O'Reilly, K. (2009). "Migration and the Search for a Better Way of Life: A Critical Exploration of Lifestyle Migration". The Sociological Review, 57, 608-625. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2009.01864.x

Bonelli,S. & Meza, F. (2011). "Abastecimiento de agua en la cuenca del Maipo". Agronomía y forestal, 45, 4-7.

Casasús, I., Rogosic, J., Rosati, A., Stokovic, I. & Gabila, D. (2012). "Animal farming and environmental interactions in the Mediterranean Region". EAAP Publication, 131, Wageningen, Netherlands: Wageningen Academic. https://doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-741-7

Chueh, H. & Lu, Y.H. (2018). "My dream life in a rural world: A nonfiction media representation of rural idyll in Taiwan". Journal of Rural Studies, 59, 132-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.04.004

Conant, R. & Paustian, K. (2002). "Potential soil carbon sequestration in overgrazed grassland ecosystems". Global biogeochemical cycles, 16(4), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GB001661

Cosentino, S.L., Porqueddu, C., Copani, V., Patanè, C., Testa, G., Scordia, D. & Melis, R. (2014). "European grasslands overview: Mediterranean region". In: Hopkins, A., et al. (Ed.): EGF at 50: The Future of European Grasslands (pp. 41-56). Aberystwyth University, United Kingdom: European Grassland Federation.

De Rosa, M., McElwee, G. & Smith, R. (2019). "Farm diversification strategies in response to rural policy: A case from rural Italy". Land Use Policy, 81, 291-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.11.006

DiNapoli, T. (2015). The Importance of Agriculture to the New York State Economy. Retrieved from: New York State Comptroller, US. Retrieved from: https://osc.state.ny.us/reports/economic/importance_agriculture_ny.pdf.

Dreby, J., Jung, G. & Sullivan, R. (2017). "At the nexus of work and family: Family farms in upstate New York". Journal of Rural Studies, 49, 151-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.12.001

Estevez-Moreno,L., Sanchez-Vera, E., Nava-Bernal,G., Estrada-Flores, J., Gomez- Demetrio, W. & Sepúlveda, W. (2019). "The role of sheep production in the livelihoods of Mexican smallholders: Evidence from a park-adjacent community". Small Ruminant Research, 78, 94-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.08.001

Flaten, O. (2017). "Factors affecting exit intentions in Norwegian sheep farms". Small Ruminant Research, 150, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.02.020

García-Martínez, A., Bernués, A. & Olaizola, A.M. (2011). "Simulation of mountain cattle farming system changes under diverse agricultural policies and off-farm labour scenarios". Livestock Science, 137, 73-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2010.10.002

George, D. & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference 11.0 update (4th ed.). Boston, United States: Allyn & Bacon.

Greenacre, M.J. (2006). "From Simple to Multiple Correspondence Analysis." In MJ. Greenacre, J. Blasius (Eds.): Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Related Methods (pp. 41-76). Chapman & Hall/CRC, Boca Raton. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420011319.ch2

Hadjigeorgiou, I., Osoro, K., Fragoso de Almeida, J.P. & Molle, G. (2005). "Southern European grazing lands: Production, environmental and landscape management aspects. Livestock Production Science, 96(1), 51-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.05.016

INDAP. (2019). Resolución exenta Nº 075507. Modifica normas técnicas y procedimiento operativo del programa de praderas suplementarias y recursos forrajeros. Instituto de Desarrollo Agropecuario. Ministerio de Agricultura. Gobierno de Chile.

INE. (1997). Censo Agropecuario 1997. Base de microdatos. Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, Santiago, Chile.

INE. (2007). Censo Agropecuario 2007. Base de microdatos. Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, Santiago, Chile.

INE. (2017). Encuesta de Ganado ovino 2017. Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, Santiago, Chile.

INE. (2019a). Síntesis de resultados censo 2017. Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, Santiago, Chile.

INE. (2019b). Encuesta de Ganado ovino 2019. Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, Santiago, Chile.

Koulouri, M. & Giourga, C. (2007). "Land abandonment and slope gradient as key factors of soil erosion in Mediterranean terraced lands". CATENA, 69, 274-281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2006.07.001

Köbrich, C., Rehman, T. & Khan, M. (2003). "Typification of farming systems for constructing representative farm models: two illustrations of the application of multi-variate analyses in Chile and Pakistan". Agricultural Systems, 76(1), 141-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-521X(02)00013-6

Levers, C., Schneider, M., Prishchepov, A., Estel, S. & Kuemmerle, T. (2018). "Spatial variation in determinants of agricultural land abandonment in Europe". Science of The Total Environment, 644, 95-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.326

Li, Y., Westlund, H., Zheng, X. & Liu, Y. (2016). "Bottom-up initiatives and revival in the face of rural decline: Case studies from China and Sweden". Journal of Rural Studies, 47, 506-513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.07.004

Li, Z., Han, G., Zhao, M., Wang, J., Wang, Z., Kemp, D., Michalk, D., Wilkes, A., Behrendt, K., Wang, H. & Langford, C. (2015). "Identifying management strategies to improve sustainability and household income for herders on the desert steppe in Inner Mongolia, China". Agricultural Systems, 132, 62-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2014.08.011

Makate, C., Wang, R., Makate, M. & Mango, N. (2016). "Crop diversification and livelihoods of smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe: Adaptive management for environmental change". Springer Plus, 5(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-2802-4

Milán, M.J., Caja, G., González-González, R., Fernández-Pérez, A.M. & Such, X. (2011). "Structure and performance of Awassi and Assaf dairy sheep farms in northwestern Spain". Journal Dairy Science, 94, 771-784. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3520

MINAGRI. (2019). Más Unidos. Plan Nacional de Asociatividad. Ministerio de Agricultura. Gobierno de Chile. Retrieved from: http://fucoa.cl/asociatividad/.

Nyantakyi-Frimpong, H. (2017). "Agricultural diversification and dietary diversity: A feminist political ecology of the everyday experiences of landless and smallholder households in northern Ghana". Geoforum, 86, 63-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2017.09.003

ODEPA. (2018a). Región de Valparaíso. Información regional 2018. Ministerio de Agricultura, Gobierno de Chile.

ODEPA. (2018b). Región Metropolitana. Información regional 2018. Ministerio de Agricultura, Gobierno de Chile.

Paniagua, A. (2013). "Farmers in remote rural areas: The worth of permanence in the place". Land Use Policy, 35, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.04.017

Peco, B., Sánchez, A.M. & Azcárate, F.M. (2006). "Abandonment in grazing systems: Consequences for vegetation and soil". Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 113(1-4), 284-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2005.09.017

Prados, M.J. (2009). "Conceptual and methodological framework of naturbanization". In Prados, M.J. (Ed.): Naturbanization. New identities and processes for rural-natural areas. London, United Kingdom: Taylor and Francis Group. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203881149.ch1

Rodríguez-Ortega, T., Bernués, A. & Alfnes, F. (2016). "Psychographic profile affects willingness to pay for ecosystem services provided by Mediterranean high nature value farmland". Ecological Economics, 128, 232-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.05.002

Rojas, M., Lambert, F., Ramirez-Villegas, J. & Challinor, A.J. (2019). "Emergence of robust precipitation changes across crop production areas in the 21st century". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(14): 6673-6678. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1811463116

Romero Calcerrada, R. & Perry, G.L. (2004). "The role of land abandonment in landscape dynamics in SPA. Encinares del río Alberche y Cofio, Central Spain, 1984-1999". Landscape Urban Plan, 66, 217-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(03)00112-9

Schneider, L.C. & Geoghegan, J. (2006). "Land abandonment in an agricultural frontier after a plant invasion: the case of bracken fern in southern Yucatán, Mexico". Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, 35(1), 167-177. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1068280500010133

Scortichini,G., Amorena, M., Brambilla, G., Ceci, R., Chessa, R., Diletti, G., Esposito, M., Esposito, V. & Nardelli, V. (2016). "Sheep farming and the impact of environment on food safety". Small Ruminant Research, 135, 66-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.12.013

Serra, P., Vera, A., Tulla, A.F. & Salvati, L. (2014). "Beyond urban-rural dichotomy: Exploring socioeconomic and land-use processes of change in Spain (1991-2011)". Applied Geography, 55, 71-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.09.005

Solano, C., Bernués, A., Rojas, F., Joaquín, N., Fernández, W. & Herrero, M. (2000). "Relationships between management intensity and structural and social variables in dairy and dual-purpose systems in Santa Cruz, Bolivia". Agricultural Systems, 65, 159-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-521X(00)00030-5

Stockdale, A. (2004). "Rural out-migration: Community consequences and individual migrant experiences". Sociologia Ruralis, 44(2), 167-194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2004.00269.x

Stokes, C. & Howden, M. (2010). Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: Preparing Australian Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries for the Future. Collingwood, Victoria, Australia: CSIRO Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1071/9780643098084

Toro-Mujica, P., Aguilar, C., Vera, R., Rivas, J. & García, A. (2015). "Sheep production systems in the semi-arid zone: Changes and simulated bio-economic performances in a case study in Central Chile". Livestock Science, 180, 209-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.07.001

Uriel, E. & Aldas, J. (2005). Análisis multivariante aplicado. Madrid, España: Thomson Editores.

Vidal, D. (2013). "Work division in family farm production units: Feminine responsibilities typology in a semi-arid region of Brazil". Journal of Arid Environments, 97, 242-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.07.001

Wang, X. & Wan, G. (2014). "China's urban employment and urbanization rate: A reestimation". China and World Economy, 22(1), 30-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-124X.2014.12051.x

Witt, G., Noël, M., Bird, M., Beeton, B. & Menzies, N. (2011). "Carbon sequestration and biodiversity restoration potential of semi-arid mulga lands of Australia interpreted from long-term grazing exclosures". Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 141, 108-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.02.020

Downloads

Published

2020-01-08

Issue

Section

Article